Diversity of Microbes: A healthy weight is linked to a diverse and balanced gut flora. People who are overweight have less variety of microbes in their bodies.
Fermentation of Fiber: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are made when gut bacteria break down ingested fiber. It is thought that SCFAs may change metabolism and help control energy levels.
Energy Harvesting: If there are imbalances in the gut bacteria, the body may get more energy from food, which could make you gain weight.
Having an imbalance in gut bacteria, called dysbiosis, can lead to inflammation and metabolic problems, both of which are linked to fat.
Hormonal Regulation: Microbes in the gut can change hormones like ghrelin and leptin that control hunger and fullness, which can change how hungry or full you feel.
Bacterial Endotoxins: When the gut flora changes, bacterial endotoxins can be released. These endotoxins can cause inflammation and insulin resistance, both of which are linked to obesity.
Effects of Diet: What you eat changes the types of bacteria that live in your gut. A diverse and healthy group of microbes can be supported by a diet high in fiber and plant-based foods.
Probiotics and Prebiotics: Eating probiotics (good bacteria) and prebiotics (food for good bacteria) may improve gut health and help you control your weight.
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